Urticaria

Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by the sudden appearance of red, itchy, and swollen welts on the skin. These welts can vary in size and shape and may appear anywhere on the body. The condition can be acute, lasting for a few hours or days, or chronic, persisting for several weeks or even longer.

The underlying cause of urticaria is often an allergic reaction, where the immune system releases histamine in response to triggers such as certain foods, medications, insect stings, or exposure to environmental factors like pollen or heat. However, in many cases, the exact cause may not be identifiable, especially in chronic urticaria. Stress, infections, and underlying health conditions can also contribute to the development of hives.

Symptoms of urticaria include raised, itchy welts that can be red or skin-colored and may change in shape, move around the body, or disappear and reappear. In some instances, swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, known as angioedema, can accompany hives, affecting the face, lips, tongue, throat, or extremities, and potentially causing breathing difficulties.

Treatment for urticaria focuses on relieving symptoms and avoiding known triggers. Antihistamines are commonly used to reduce itching and swelling, while corticosteroids may be prescribed for more severe cases. For chronic or recurrent hives, additional medications that target the immune system's response may be considered. Identifying and managing underlying causes, if present, is also crucial for effective treatment.

Living with urticaria requires understanding the condition and potential triggers. Keeping a symptom diary can help identify patterns and avoid flare-ups. Regular follow-up with a healthcare professional ensures that the treatment plan remains effective and adjusts as needed. With proper management, most people can control symptoms and maintain a good quality of life.